Virtual Reading Room (Freedom of Expression)

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Virtual Reading Room

A collection of articles and information to serve as resources for DePauw's discussions about freedom of expression.

1915 Declaration of Principles on Academic Freedom and Academic Tenure, American Association of University Professors. Available at: https://www.aaup.org/NR/rdonlyres/A6520A9D-0A9A-47B3-B550-C006B5B224E7/0/1915Declaration.pdf.
A. Harris, “Walter Kimbrough’s Higher Calling,” The Chronicle of Higher Education, October 22, 2017. Available at: https://www.chronicle.com/article/walter-kimbroughs-higher-calling/.
American Council on Education. (2023, June 5). Academic independence under fire. Available at: https://www.apa.org/advocacy/education/educators-threats-harassment.
A.Q. Morse, The First Amendment and the Inclusive Campus: Effective Strategies for Leaders in Student Affairs, National Association of Student Personnel Administrators, 2018. Available at:https://www.naspa.org/report/the-first-amendment-and-the-inclusive-campus-effective-strategies-for-leaders-in-student-affairs.
American Association of University Professors and Association of American Colleges, 1940 Statement of Principles on Academic Freedom and Tenure with 1970 Interpretive Comments. Available at: https://www.aaup.org/file/1940%20Statement.pdf.
B. Bishop, The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Like-Minded America is Tearing Us Apart (Boston: Mariner Books, 2009), ch. 1, “The Age of Political Segregation,” 19-40 and ch. 2, “The Politics of Migration,” 41-57;
Bipartisan Policy Center, Campus Free Expression: A New Roadmap, November 30, 2021. Available at: https://bipartisanpolicy.org/download/?file=/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/BPC-Report-Campus-Free-Expression_A-New-Roadmap.pdf.
C. Flaherty, “Is Retraction the New Rebuttal?” Inside Higher Ed, September 19, 2017. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2017/09/19/controversy-over-paper-favor-colonialism-sparks-calls-retraction.
C. Goldin and L.F. Katz, “The Shaping of Higher Education: The Formative Years in the United States, 1890 to 1940,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13(1): 37-62, 1999. Available at: https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/files/the_shaping_of_higher_education_the_formative_years_in_the_ united_states_1890-1940.pdf.
C. Schneider, “A Year of Discontent on Campus,” The Dispatch, February 6, 2020, found that faculty are frequent objects of bias complaints. Available at: https://thedispatch.com/p/a-year-of-discontent-on-campus.
Campus Conversations, Higher Education Research Institute, n.d., accessed November 2, 2021. Available at: https://www.heri.ucla.edu/infographics/DLE-2018-Infographic.pdf.
College Pulse, Free Expression on College Campuses, 2019, 12. Available at: https://knightfoundation.org/reports/free-expression-college-campuses/.
D.A. Downs, Restoring Free Speech and Liberty on Campus, 2005 Cambridge University Press
D. Cox, J. Navarro-Rivera, and R.P. Jones, Race, Religion, and Political Affiliation of Americans’ Core Social Networks, Public Religion Research Institute, August 8, 2016. Available at: https://www.prri.org/research/poll race-religion-politics-americans-social-networks/.
D. Mashek, “Syllabus Language to Support Viewpoint Diversity,” Heterodox Academy, January 9, 2018. Available at: https://heterodoxacademy.org/blog/teaching-heterodoxy-syllabus-language/.
PEN America, “Tips for Nurturing a Climate of Free Expression and Inclusion,” September 25, 2019. Available at: https://campusfreespeechguide.pen.org/ resource/tips-for-nurturing-a-climate-of-free-expression-and-inclusion/.
D. Yudkin, S. Hawkins, and T. Dixon, The Perception Gap: How False Impressions Are Pulling Americans Apart, Hidden Tribes Project, 2019, 36-40. Available at: https://perceptiongap.us/.
D.J. Ahler and G. Sood, “The Parties in Our Heads: Misperceptions About Party Composition and Their Consequences,” The Journal of Politics, 80(3): 964-981, 2018. Available at: https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/697253
E. Chemerinsky and H. Gillman, Free Speech on Campus, 2017 Yale University Press
E. Kaufmann, Academic Freedom in Crisis: Punishment, Political Discrimination, and Self-Censorship, Center for the Study of Partisanship and Ideology, 2021. Available at: https://www.cspicenter.com/p/academicfreedom.
E. Pettit, “A Side Effect of Remote Teaching During Covid-19? Videos That Can Be Weaponized,” The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 24, 2020. Available at: https://www.chronicle.com/article/a-side-effect-of-remote-teaching-during-covid-19-videos-that-can-be-weaponized/.
Fordham Law Review, 87(6): 2453-2477, 2019. Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol87/iss6/7/.
Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, Scholars Under Fire: The Targeting of Scholars for Ideological Reasons from 2015 to Present, 2021. Available at: https://www.thefire.org/research/publications/miscellaneous-publications/scholars-under-fire/.
Gallup, Inc., The First Amendment on Campus 2020 Report: College Students’ Views of Free Expression, 2020, 41. Available at: https://knightfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/First-Amendment-on-Campus-2020.pdf.
Gallup, Inc., The First Amendment on Campus, 2020, 1, 16-7.
H. Heclo, On Thinking Institutionally (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), esp. ch. 4, “Being Institutionally Minded,” 81-128, for a discussion of cultivating virtues and values in institutions.
Institute for Democracy and Higher Education, Free Speech & Inclusion on Campus: Guide for Discussion Leaders, v. 2, March 2018. Available at: https://tufts.app.box.com/v/idhe-free-speech-inclusion.
Institute for Democracy and Higher Education, Readiness for Discussing Democracy in Supercharged Political Times, November 2019. Available at: https://tufts.app.box.com/v/idhe-discussing-democracy.
J. Haidt, R.V. Reeves, and D. Cicirelli, All Minus One: John Stuart Mill’s Ideas on Free Speech Illustrated, 2nd ed., Heterodox Academy, 2021. Available at: https://heterodoxacademy.org/library/all-minus-one/.
J. A. Klotz, & J Klassen, (2023). Defining and measuring free expression and inclusion on college campuses. Sociological Inquiry, 93(1), 26-51. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/soin.12403.
J. Larson, M. McNeilly, and T.J. Ryan, Free Expression and Constructive Dialogue at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 2020, 26. Available at: https://fecdsurveyreport.web.unc.edu/.
J. B. Scott, (2022). Free speech and the university: A philosophical inquiry. Routledge.
J.M. Twenge, B.H. Spitzberg, and W.K. Campbell, “Less In-Person Social Interaction with Peers Among U.S. Adolescents in the 21st Century and Links to Loneliness,” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(6): 1892-1913, 2019. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0265407519836170.
J.M. Twenge, iGen: Why Today’s Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy—And Completely Unprepared for Adulthood (New York: Atria, 2017), ch. 6, “Insulated but not Intrinsic: More Safety and Less Community,” 143-177.
J.M. Twenge, J. Haidt, A.B. Blake, C. McAllister, H. Lemon, and A. Le Roy, “Worldwide Increases in Adolescent Loneliness,” Journal of Adolescence, 2021. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.006.
J.R. Thelin, The American College and University: A History, 2nd ed. (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1962, 1990), 410-16; W.P. Metzger, “The 1940 Statement of Principles on Academic Freedom and Tenure,” Law and Contemporary Problems, 53(3): 3-77, 1990. Available at: https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4052&context=lcp.
J. Rauch, 5-1 In Defense of Prejudice: Why Incendiary Speech Must Be Protected, 2018, Principles and Practice of American Politics: Classic and Contemporary Readings, p.111.
J. Rauch, 2013. Kindly inquisitors. University of Chicago Press.
K. Landis, ed., “Establishing Discussion Rules,” in Start Talking: A Handbook for Engaging Difficult Dialogues in Higher Education (Anchorage: University of Alaska Anchorage and Alaska Pacific University, 2008), 12-17. Available at: https://www.uaa.alaska.edu/academics/institutional-effectiveness/departments/center-for-advancing-faculty-excellence/difficult-dialogues/.
K. Parker, “The Growing Partisan Divide in Views of Higher Education,” Pew Research Center, August 19, 2019. Available at: https://www.pewresearch.org/social trends/2019/08/19/the-growing-partisan-divide-in-views-of-higher-education-2/.
L. Etheredge, “Law School Speaker Gives Controversial Talk on Transgender Issues, Incites Protest,” The Collegian, September 12, 2018. Available at: https://www.thecollegianur.com/article/2018/09/ryan-anderson-delivers-controversial-talk-on-transgender-issues.
L. Saad, “U.S. Conservatism Down Since Start of 2020,” Gallup, Inc., July 27, 2020. Available at: https://news.gallup.com/poll/316094/conservatism-down-start-2020.aspx.
L.F. Barrett, “When Is Speech Violence?” New York Times, July 14, 2017. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/14/opinion/sunday/when-is-speech-violence.html?_r=0.
L.M. Seidman, “Can Free Speech Be Progressive?” Columbia Law Review, 118(7), 2018. Available at https://columbialawreview.org/content/can-free-speech-be-progressive/.
L. V. Sigal, (2019). Negotiating academic freedom: New perspectives, illusions, and challenges. Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH.
M. P. Barrera, (2022, May 20). Free speech on campus. CQ Researcher, 32(18), 417-440. Available at: https://cqpress.sagepub.com/cqresearcher/report/free-speech-campus-debate.
M. W. Finkin, & R. C. Post, R. C, (2019). For the common good: Principles of academic freedom. Yale University Press.
M. Moran, “Crutcher, Free Speech Project Director Discuss UR’s Recommended Free Speech Statement,” The Collegian, November 9, 2020. Available at: https://www.thecollegianur.com/article/2020/11/crutcher-free-speech-project-director-discuss-urs-recommended-freedom-of-expression-statement
M. Woessner and R. Maranto, “Campus Conservatives Aren’t Under Siege—But There’s More to the Story,” Newsweek, August 4, 2019. Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/right-says-campus-conservatives-are-under-siege-left-dismissive-both ncna1042051.
N. Gross and S. Simmons, “The Social and Political Views of American College and University Professors,” in Professors and their Politics, eds., N. Gross and S. Simmons (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014), 19-49;
S. Jaschik, “Professors and Politics: What the Research Says,” Inside Higher Ed, February 27, 2017. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2017/02/27/research-confirms-professors-lean-left-questions-assumptions-about-what-means
N. Strossen, Hate: Why we should resist it with free speech, not censorship, 2018 Oxford University Press.
N. Thomas, “Educating for Democracy in Undemocratic Contexts: Avoiding the Zero-Sum Game of Campus Free Speech Versus Inclusion,” eJournal of Public Affairs, 7(1): 81-107, 2018. Available at: https://ejournalofpublicaffairs.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/EJOPA_7.1_199-Nancy-Thomas.pdf.
N.M. Cesar-Davis, Research Brief, 2018 Diverse Learning Environments, Higher Education Research Institute at UCLA, 2019. Available at https://www.heri.ucla.edu/briefs/DLE/DLE-2018-Brief.pdf
P. Bonilla, “Faculty Network Interview: Daniel Cullen, Rhodes College,” Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, December 18, 2020. Available at: https://www.thefire.org/faculty-network-interview-daniel-cullen-rhodes-college/.
P.E. Moskowitz, “Everything You Think You Know About ‘Free Speech’ Is a Lie,” The Nation, August 20, 2019. Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/portland-speech-milo-antifa-koch/.
P.E. Moskowitz, The Case Against Free Speech: The First Amendment, Fascism, and the Future of Dissent, 2019 Bold Type Books
P. Lee, 2014. The case of Dixon v. Alabama: From civil rights to students' rights and back again. Teachers College Record, 116, pp.1-18.
P. Norris, “Cancel Culture: Myth or Reality?” Political Studies (2021). Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00323217211037023
P.M. Magolda, M.B. Baxter Magolda, and R. Carducci (eds), Contested Issues in Troubled Times: Student Affairs Dialogues on Equity, Civility, and Safety, 2019 Stylus Publishing. LLC.
P. Taylor, “The Demographic Trends Shaping American Politics in 2016 and Beyond,” Pew Research Center, January 27, 2016. Available at: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/01/27/the-demographic-trends-shaping-american-politics-in-2016-and-beyond/.
PEN America. (2021, August 17). Campus free speech guide. Available at: https://pen.org/campus-free-speech-guide/.
R. Cohen and R.E. Zelnik (eds), The Free Speech Movement: Reflections on Berkeley in the 1960s, 2002 University of California Press
R. J. Zimmer, “President Zimmer’s Message on Free Expression and Federal Action,” March 4, 2019. Available at: https://news.uchicago.edu/story/president-zimmers-message-free-expression-and federal-action.
R. Seltzer, “Why Host David Duke?,” Inside Higher Ed, November 3, 2016. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/11/03/dillard-university-stands-decision-host-debate-even-when-david-duke-candidate.
R.A. Crutcher interview with D. Lederman, “Race, Leadership, and Engaging with Contrary Viewpoints,” The Key with Inside Higher Ed, ep. 51, podcast, June 29, 2021. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/audio/2021/06/29/ep-51-race-leadership-and-engaging-contrary-viewpoints.
R.A. Crutcher, “Leadership in Crossing Divides,” Inside Higher Ed, February 19, 2021. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2021/02/19/college-president-shares-lessons-learned-navigating-divides-race-class-and-politics
R.J. Zimmer and D. Diermeier, “Letter to President Trump regarding DACA,” September 2, 2017. Available at: https://news.uchicago.edu/story/letter-president-trump-regarding-daca.
Report of the Committee on Freedom of Expression at Yale, Yale College, 1974. Available at: https://yalecollege.yale.edu/get-know-yale-college/office-dean/reports/report-committee-freedom-expression-yale.
Report on the University’s Role in Political and Social Action, University of Chicago, 1967. Available at: https://provost.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/documents/reports/KalvenRprt_0.pdf.
S. Abrams, “Professors Moved Left Since 1990s, Rest of Country Did Not,” Heterodox Academy, January 9, 2016. Available at: https://heterodoxacademy.org/blog/professors-moved-left-but-country-did-not/
S. Marken, “A Crisis in Confidence in Higher Ed,” Gallup, Inc., April 12, 2019. Available at: https://news.gallup.com/opinion/gallup/248492/crisis-confidence-higher.aspx
S. Stevens, P. Quirk, L. Jussim, and J. Haidt, The Campus Expression Survey, Heterodox Academy, 2017, updated 2021. Available at: https://heterodoxacademy.org/library/campus-expression survey-manual/.
S.F. Hayward, “An Alternative Standard for Dealing with Extremist Speakers,” Bipartisan Policy Center, March 19, 2020. Available at: https://bipartisanpolicy.org/blog/an-alternative-standard-for-dealing-with-extremist-speakers/.
T. Benson Clayton and J. Huff, “Resolving Conflict on Campus: A Case Study on Free Speech and Controversial Speakers,” Journal of Dispute Resolution, 2(5): 7-17, 2018. Available at: https://scholarship.law.missouri.edu/jdr/vol2018/iss2/5.
U. Peters, N. Honeycutt, A. De Block, and L. Jussim, “Ideological Diversity, Hostility, and Discrimination in Philosophy,” Philosophical Psychology, 33(4): 511-48, 2020. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09515089.2020.1743257
University of Maryland Senate, Joint President/Senate Inclusion and Respect Task Force, Inclusion and Respect at the University of Maryland, 2018. Available at: https://diversity.umd.edu/uploads/files/Presidential_Approval_Inclusion_Respect_17_18_03.pdf;
University of Maryland, “Statement on University Values” and “Statement of Free Speech Values,” 2018. Available at: https://policies.umd.edu/statement-university-values/ and https://policies.umd.edu/statement-free-speech-values/.
University of Richmond, “Statement on Free Expression,” December 2020. Available at: https://president.richmond.edu/common/pdf/statement-on-free-expression.pdf.
University of Richmond, Code of Organizational Ethics and Integrity, February 16, 2012, updated September, 2018. Available at: https://www.richmond.edu/compliance/pdfs/code-of-ethics.pdf.
Washington University in St. Louis, “Dialogue Across Difference - Freedom of Expression Session, Fall 2019 | Washington University,” video, September 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1C6ysYNxloA.
Washington University in St. Louis, Common Reading Program for the Class of 2023, 2019. Available at: https://issuu.com/wufirstyearcenter/docs/fyct-6328_common_reading_program_20.
Wright, S. Hecht, M. Shain, L. Sax, and S. Howland, Politics on the Quad: Students Report on Division and Disagreement at Five US Universities, Brandeis Steinhardt Social Research Institute, 2019, 31-32. Available at: https://bir.brandeis.edu/bitstream/handle/10192/37095/politics_quad111919.pdf.

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Virtual Reading Room (Freedom of Expression)

Virtual Reading Room (Freedom of Expression)